主题：Intrachoice Dynamics Shape Social Decisions
主讲人：浙江大学管理学院 陈发动（“百人计划”研究员）
主持人：英国威廉希尔公司 赵琳教授
时间：2023年6月9日（周五）9:30—11:30
直播平台及会议ID：腾讯会议，会议ID：994-474-334
主办单位：英国威廉希尔公司 科研处
主讲人简介：
陈发动，浙江大学管理学院“百人计划”研究员、博士生导师，脑机智能全国重点实验室骨干成员，神经管理学浙江省哲学社会科学实验室核心成员。主要从事行为决策、行为与实验经济学等领域的教学与科研工作。先后主持或参与国家自然科学基金青年基金、面上项目、科技部科技创新2030重大项目等多项科研项目。相关研究发表于《Nature Communications》、《Management Science》、《Manufacturing & Service Operations Management》等期刊。先后获得浙江省哲学社会科学优秀成果二等奖、中国运筹学会行为运作管理分会优秀青年学者研究奖等。先后入选浙江省钱江人才计划，仲英青年学者等。
内容提要：
Do people have well-defined social preferences waiting to be applied when making decisions? Or do they have to construct social decisions on the spot? If the latter, how are those decisions influenced by the way in which information is acquired and evaluated? These temporal dynamics are fundamental to understanding how people trade off selfishness and pro-sociality in organizations and societies. Here, we investigate how the temporal dynamics of the choice process shape social decisions in three studies using response times and mouse tracking. In the first mousetracking study, participants made binary decisions in mini-dictator games with and without time constraints. Using mouse-trajectories and a starting-time drift diffusion model (stDDM), we find that, regardless of time constraints, selfish participants were delayed in processingothers’payoffs, while the opposite was true for pro-social participants. The independent mouse-trajectory analysis and computational modeling analysis identified consistent measures of the delay between considering one’s own and others’payoffs (self-onset delay, SOD). The SOD measure correlated with individual differences in pro-sociality and predicted heterogeneous effects of time constraints on preferences. We confirmed these results in two additional studies, one a purely behavioral study in which participants made decisions by pressing computer keys, and the other a replication of the mouse-tracking study. Together these results indicate that people preferentially process either self or others’payoffs early in the choice process. The intra-choice dynamics are crucial in shaping social preferences and might be manipulated via nudge policies for behavior in managerial or other contexts.
人的决策是由明确的偏好决定的，还是在选择时同步构建的？如果是后者，获取和评估信息的方式会如何影响人的决策行为？该研究利用反应时间和鼠标移动轨迹等数据，来研究决策背后的实时动态认知加工过程如何塑造人的社会决策。在第一个鼠标轨迹追踪实验中，被试在有、无时间压力下进行迷你独裁者博弈。通过鼠标轨迹和认知计算建模分析，我们发现，利己的人先加工自己的收益，后加工他人的收益，而利他的人则相反。开始加工自己收益与他人收益的相对时间（属性潜伏）与个体的亲社会性相关，而且可以预测被试在时间压力和时间延迟条件下的偏好变化。第二个行为实验和第三个鼠标轨迹追踪实验验证了该结论的稳健性。该研究为如何基于决策背后的动态认知加工过程进行助推政策设计提供了建议。
