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光华讲坛—The Emergence of Economic Rationality of GPT GPT经济理性的出现
发布时间: 2023-11-20

主题The Emergence of Economic Rationality of GPT

GPT经济理性的出现

主讲人清华大学经济管理学院 刘潇副教授

主持人英国威廉希尔公司 赵琳教授

时间2023年11月21日(周二)10:00-11:30

直播平台及会议ID腾讯会议,会议ID:873-799-656

主办单位:英国威廉希尔公司科研处

主讲人简介:

刘潇, 清华大学经管学院长聘副教授, 2006年本科毕业于中国人民大学, 2012年博士毕业于美国密歇根大学。研究方向为实验经济学、行为经济学、市场设计和信息经济学。目前担任三本国际期刊Management Science,Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization,Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics的Associate Editor。文章发表在Management Science、Games and Economic Behavior、Journal of Development Economics等期刊。

内容提要:

As large language models (LLMs) like GPT become increasingly prevalent, it is essential that we assess their capabilities beyond language processing. This paper examines the economic rationality of GPT by instructing it to make budgetary decisions in four domains: risk, time, social, and food preferences. We measure economic rationality by assessing the consistency of GPT decisions with utility maximization in classic revealed preference theory. We find that GPT decisions are largely rational in each domain and demonstrate higher rationality scores than those of humans reported in the literature. We also find that the rationality scores are robust to the degree of randomness and demographic settings such as age and gender, but are sensitive to contexts based on the language frames of the choice situations. These results suggest the potential of LLMs to make good decisions and the need to further understand their capabilities, limitations, and underlying mechanisms.

这篇论文旨在评估类似GPT这样的大型语言模型在语言处理以外领域的经济合理性,具体通过在风险、时间、社交和食物偏好等四个领域进行预算决策。我们以经典揭示偏好理论中效用最大化为衡量标准,评估GPT的决策在经济合理性方面的一致性。研究发现,在每个领域,GPT的决策在很大程度上是经济合理的,并呈现出比文献报道的人类更高的合理性得分。同时,研究还发现,合理性得分对于随机性程度和人口统计学设置(如年龄和性别)具有鲁棒性,但对于基于选择情境语言框架的背景则表现出敏感性。这些结果提示了LLMs在做出良好决策方面的潜力,以及深入了解它们的能力、限制和基础机制的迫切需求。